An advantage of intraspinal analgesia is the:
A. Client control of the infusion
B. Lack of significant client complications
C. Quick systemic distribution of the medication morphine
D. Ability to produce deeper analgesia with smaller dosages
D
D. Because opioids are delivered close to their site of action (CNS), they have greater bioavailability and thus require much smaller doses to achieve adequate pain relief.
A. Although the use of epidural opioids for pain control has many advantages for the client, it requires astute nursing observation and care.
B. The catheter poses a threat to client safety because of its anatomical location, its potential for migration through the dura, and its proximity to spinal nerves and vessels. An epidural catheter migration into the subarachnoid space can produce medication levels too high for intrathecal use.
C. Fentanyl and sufentanil are hydrolipid, causing them to have a quicker onset and shorter duration of action (2 hours). Morphine and hydromorphone are hydrophilic, resulting in a longer onset and duration of action (up to 24 hours with a single bolus dose)
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A hospital nursing manager wishes to improve the cultural competence of the nurses working on the manager's unit. Which action by the manager would best accomplish this goal for this particular unit?
a. Collect information about the cultures seen most often. b. Ensure that written material is available in other languages. c. Provide incentives to complete training programs. d. Write policies and procedures for using interpreters.
What factors are involved in the implementation of the human-to-human relationship model according to Travelbee?
A. Establishing B. Maintaining C. Terminating D. All of the above
The nurse is evaluating the results of laboratory studies for a client receiving epoetin alfa. When should the nurse expect to note a therapeutic effect of this medication?
1. Immediately 2. After 3 days of therapy 3. After 2 weeks of therapy 4. After 1 week of therapy
CJ is also recovering from open-heart surgery. Explain what you would do about recommending a diet to help lower cholesterol and be appropriate for COPD