Several complications can occur when a child receives a blood transfusion. Which is an immediate sign or symptom of an air embolus?
a. Chills and shaking
b. Nausea and vomiting
c. Irregular heart rate
d. Sudden difficulty in breathing
ANS: D
Signs of air embolism are sudden difficulty breathing, sharp pain in the chest, and apprehension. Air emboli should be avoided by carefully flushing all tubing of air before connecting to patient. Chills, shaking, nausea, and vomiting are associated with hemolytic reactions. Irregular heart rate is associated with electrolyte disturbances and hypothermia.
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