The term "deconstruction" refers to:
a. Postprocessual attempts at interpreting the past through multiple voices.
b. Postmodern efforts to expose the assumptions behind the objective and systematic search for knowledge.
c. An experimental archaeological technique in which archaeologists reconstruct the construction techniques of prehistoric populations.
d. A tool used by cultural materialists to establish cultural evolutionary sequences.
e. Scientifically disassemble the stone monuments erected by Maya rulers to record their history.
b
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Totems are animals, plants, or geographical features from which members of a totemic group claim to be descended.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Which of the following is true of the interpretation of Upper Paleolithic cave art?
a. Most archaeologists agree that cave art represents sympathetic magic, or rituals in which doing something to an image produces the desired effect in the real object (e.g., drawing pregnant bison ensures fertility, or killing a stylized animal on the cave wall guarantees hunting success). b. Most archaeologists agree that cave art should be interpreted within the structuralist paradigm, where all symbols define binary oppositions such as male and female. c. Because we lack any associated ethnographic data for the Upper Paleolithic, it is very difficult to securely interpret the meaning of symbols used in this art. d. Upper Paleolithic cave art represents the earliest beginnings of the human ability to appreciate art for its own aesthetic properties; it is thus "art-for-art's-sake," and animals drawn had no particular symbolic meaning. e. The small herbivores are associated with females and the large herbivores with males.
People perform religious rituals as:
a. a way of invoking supernatural beings to control those forces over which they feel they have no control. b. a practice with as little emotion as possible, because they seldom really believe rituals are effective. c. a way of demonstrating the strong control they have over their own lives. d. a way to demonstrate social importance and validation for their lives. e. a way to obtain political, social, and economic power.
The fossil finds near Beijing, China (including the Zhoukoudian cave) yielded the remains of more than 40 specimens of
A. H. erectus. B. H. habilis. C. anatomically modern humans. D. H. naledi. E. Neandertals.