To determine if an interaction between a police officer and a civilian is an encounter or a seizure, the courts apply the ____________ test.

a. Clear and convincing evidence
b. Totality of the circumstances
c. Preponderance of the circumstances
d. Reasonable suspicion


b. Totality of the circumstances

Criminal Justice

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Discuss the role of the Internet on child pornography and child molesters. Also address how investigators are responding to these changes

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

During jury selection, a party has an unlimited number of challenges for _______________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice

On completion of the closing arguments, the ________ charges (instructs) the jury on the law of the case

Fill in the blank with correct word.

Criminal Justice

Collective efficiency is social cohesion among neighbors, combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice