What can be determined only by electronic fetal monitoring?
a. Variability
b. Tachycardia
c. Bradycardia
d. Fetal response to contractions
A
Beat-to-beat variability cannot be determined by auscultation because auscultation provides only an average fetal heart rate (FHR) as it fluctuates.
Tachycardia can be determined by any of the FHR monitoring techniques.
Bradycardia can be determined by any of the FHR monitoring techniques.
The fetal response to the contractions is usually noted by an increase or decrease in fetal heart rate. These can be determined by any of the FHR monitoring techniques.
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