A client tells the nurse that before she leaves for work, she has to make sure her daughter gets to day care and that dinner is prepared. The nurse realizes this client might be experiencing:
1. Role mastery.
2. Role conflict.
3. Role ambiguity.
4. Self-esteem.
2. Role conflict.
Rationale:
Role conflicts arise when there are incompatibilities with expectations. The client is expected to be at work, care for the child, and make dinner. All of these expectations could lead to the client's experiencing role conflict. Role mastery occurs when a person's behaviors meet social expectations. Role ambiguity occurs when expectations are unclear and people do not know what to do or how to do it and are unable to predict the reactions of others to their actions. Self-esteem is one's own judgment of one's worth.
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Which of the following statements best summarizes Lillian Wald's achievements?
a. She suggested new nursing specialties. b. She demonstrated how to improve health in communities. c. She gave expert clinical nursing care to her clients. d. She was appointed a national nursing leader.
Which statement most accurately describes the relationship between the hydrogen ion concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in extracellular fluids?
A. Because carbon dioxide is a gas and hydrogen ions are electrolytes, these two substances have no relationship in extracellular fluids. B. The concentrations of hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide are directly related, with an increase or decrease in one always resulting in a corresponding increase or de-crease in the other. C. Carbon dioxide buffers hydrogen ions; thus, these two concentrations are in-versely related to each other. The higher the carbon dioxide concentration, the fewer hydrogen ions are present in that fluid. D. Hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide ions exist in a balanced relationship as a result of their charges. The positively charged hydrogen ions are attracted to the nega-tively charged carbon dioxide ions, forming an electrically neutral substance.
Planning should occur after:
A) Nursing diagnoses are prioritized. B) Nursing diagnoses are identified. C) Goals are set. D) Evaluation has occurred.
The Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act, the Pediatric Research Equity Act, and the Pediatric Medical Device Safety and Improvement Act enhance pediatric related research and practice by:
1. Not requiring parental consent. 2. Increasing the potential number of children included as research study participants. 3. Not requiring Hospital Institutional Review Boards to review research protocols. 4. Requiring consent from a close family member.