Which one of the following older adults is most likely to need preretirement counseling to avoid significant concerns in retirement?
a. African-American woman who is a certi-fied public accountant
b. Mexican-American woman who receives cash for cleaning services
c. Middle-aged man who has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus
d. Older male clerk who works for the De-partment of Homeland Security
B
Older adults with the most need for retirement planning are usually the same people who are least likely to receive it. The Mexican-American woman will most likely need preretirement counseling to avoid significant problems in retirement. She has three characteristics indicating a need for retirement planning: (1) her sex is female, (2) her job implies a lack of education or training, and (3) she does not pay into Social Security or federal taxes. Thus she can potentially fail to pay into the federal system for a sufficient length of time to be eligible for Social Security and Medicare benefits in retirement. In addition, her job is unlikely to offer a 401k plan.
Although the African-American woman is a member of a minority group, she is a profes-sional and likely to earn a significant income in a finance-related business. Her occupation and education places her well to receive significant retirement planning. The middle-aged man has one factor potentially associated with the need for retirement planning—poor health. The older clerk has one factor potentially associated with the need for retirement planning—he is likely to be a low-level employee.
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