"Oh my gosh, it's a UFO!" This scream came from the backyard of a suburban neighborhood home,
after which several other people came out and agreed that they were all seeing a UFO. As it turns out, there was merely a weather balloon flying high in the sky after it had separated from its tethering cord. This simpler explanation for the sighting of a UFO is consistent with the conceptual principle of
A) Occam's Razor.
B) correlation versus causation.
C) falsifiability.
D) replicability.
Answer: A
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Imagine that you are reading about a study that showed a positive correlation between the number of math courses that college women had completed in high school and their grades in a college course in statistics. You can safely conclude that
a. their previous experience with math courses probably prepared them for the statistics course. b. students who completed an above-average number of high school math courses are likely to earn an above-average grade in a college statistics course. c. students who are smart enough to complete many math courses in high school are likely to be smart enough to good grades in a college statistics course. d. students who develop good study habits in high school are likely to use those same study habits in college.
What is one reason that we tend to view personality characteristics as stable?
a) We recognize that people play roles in their lives. b) There are only a few personality characteristics we need to distinguish people. c) Poor memories for actual events lead us to misinterpret behaviors as consistent. d) Certain characteristics that are often related to our description of someone's personality, such as intelligence and emotional expression, are indeed stable over time.
Infants of depressed mothers
A) often turn to their fathers for caretaking needs. B) have abnormally low cortisol levels. C) quickly learn to sooth themselves. D) are less attentive to their surroundings.
What research design is illustrated by the following? A therapist gathers data showing that, repeatedly, a patient is better on days his wife visits and worse on days she does not
a) Observation b) Correlational method c) Single-subject (ABAb) experiment d) Mixed design