How is the Content Analysis of Verbal Explanations (CAVE) technique applied to the study of explanatory style?
a) It determines whether a person is likely to succumb to pessimistic thinking (“cave-in”) or marshal the resources needed for optimistic thinking (“excavate”).
b) It allows researchers to analyze verbal and written statements by historical figures to estimate how levels of optimism and pessimism might be related to later behavioral outcomes.
c) It computes the correlation between optimism and pessimism over time for a single individual, then extrapolates to that person’s social group.
d) It analyzes how group-level pessimism leads to faulty decision-making in corporate settings.
Answer: b
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When we bring our behavior into agreement with the actions, norms, or values of others in the absence of any direct pressure, we are exhibiting
a. conformity. b. compliance. c. obedience. d. adaptation.
Several reports have established that maternal smoking during pregnancy adversely affects prenatal and postnatal growth and increases the risk of:
A) Fetal mortality. B) Low birth weight. C) Infant mortality. D) All of the above
Which statement concerning toddlers' understanding of gender roles is true?
a. Females appear to understand gender-based activities much earlier than males. b. Males appear to understand gender-based activities much earlier than females. c. Females and males appear to understand gender-based activities at the same age. d. Neither males nor female toddlers show any understanding of gender-basedactivities.
How do the personal mini experiments featured throughout the book apply to the work of psychologists?
a. Their use does not apply outside of the field. b. Psychologists use similar experiments and tasks within their research or with clients. c. Researchers can use the anecdotal data. d. They require written reports, which are utilized throughout the field.