Imagine that someone is climbing a mountain on a very hot day. As their muscles work, acidic by-products are generated
Describe the relevant responses of the respiratory system and also describe how the affinity for hemoglobin will change under these conditions.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers should mention the stimulation of peripheral chemoreceptors by hypoxia as well as exercise-induced changes in respiration (some apparently feed-forward). Minute ventilation rate should increase. Heat, low oxygen, and low pH will all lower Hb affinity for oxygen (favoring unloading at active body tissues).
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A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of water across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the water move, into the sac
or out of the sac? A) Yes, water will move into the sac. B) Yes, water will move out of the sac. C) There is no net movement, but water will move back and forth across the membrane. D) No, there is no force to drive the water across the membrane.
The pulse oximeter would be LEAST useful when:
A) identifying deterioration of the cardiac patient. B) assessing vascular status in orthopaedic trauma. C) monitoring oxygenation status during intubation. D) determining if a patient should receive oxygen.
Lactation normally does not occur during pregnancy because
A. the breast ducts do not develop until after a baby is born. B. the high levels of estrogen and progesterone in maternal plasma inhibit prolactin effects on the breasts. C. maternal plasma levels of prolactin are low during pregnancy. D. high levels of androgens inhibit milk synthesis by the breasts. E. the low levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy inhibit milk synthesis by the breasts.
Which of the following is a function of the vertebral column?
A. It supports the weight of the body. B. It allows spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord. C. It serves as a passageway for the cranial nerves. D. It contains numerous foramens for the passageway of blood vessels. E. It protects the brain.