A nurse in a mental health hospital finds a patient with schizophrenia who takes haloperidol (Haldol) lying rigid in bed with a temperature of 41.3° C. A cardiac monitor shows cardiac dysrhythmias
What will be included in the treatment of this patient? (Select all that apply.)
a. Anticholinergic medications
b. Beta blockers
c. Dantrolene
d. Intravenous fluids
e. Withdrawal of haloperidol
ANS: C, D, E
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is characterized by "lead pipe" rigidity, sudden high fever, and autonomic instability. Treatment requires supportive measures, drug therapy, and immediate withdrawal of the antipsychotic medication. Dantrolene is used to relax muscles and reduce heat production. Intravenous fluids are used to maintain hydration. Anticholinergic medications and beta blockers are not helpful.
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