Which of the following statements is representative of the second law of thermodynamics?
A) Conversion of energy from one form to another is always accompanied by some gain of free energy.
B) Heat represents a form of energy that can be used by most organisms to do work.
C) Without an input of energy, organisms would tend toward decreasing entropy.
D) Cells require a constant input of energy to maintain their high level of organization.
E) Every energy transformation by a cell decreases the entropy of the universe.
Answer: D
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If a cell contained a mutation in the gene that encodes FtsZ, which process would be affected?
A. Septation B. Cytokinesis C. Prophase D. DNA Synthesis E. Cohesin cleavage Clarify Question · What is the key concept addressed by the question? · What type of thinking is required? · What key words does the question contain and what do they mean? Gather Content · What do you know about FtsZ? How does it relate to the question? Consider Possibilities · What other information is related to the question? Which information is most useful? Choose Answer · Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer? Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
Pre-mRNA is modified on its 5' end by ____
a. exon shuffling b. the addition of a poly(A) tail c. mRNA splicing d. the addition of a guanine cap e. aminoacylation
Amphibians are thought to have evolved from
A. spiny fish. B. lobe-finned fish. C. ray-finned fish. D. skates and rays. E. annelids.
Please match the types of mutations with the statements that most accurately describe them, to test your understanding of their causes.
Frameshift mutation A) Random change in the DNA arising from errors in replication that occur without a known cause B) Result from exposure to known mutagens, which are primarily physical or chemical agents that damage DNA C) Changing of single base in the DNA code that may result in the placement of a different amino acid D) Addition or deletion of bases that changes the reading of mRNA codons