Nutrition is one of the most significant factors in influencing the outcome of a pregnancy. It is an alterable and important preventive measure for a variety of potential problems such as low birth weight and prematurity
While completing the physical assessment of the pregnant patient, the nurse can evaluate the patient's nutritional status by observing a number of physical signs. Which sign would indicate that the patient has unmet nutri-tional needs? a. Normal heart rate, rhythm, and blood pressure
b. Bright, clear, shiny eyes
c. Alert, responsive, and good endurance
d. Edema, tender calves, and tingling
D
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A The malnourished pregnant patient may display rapid heart rate, abnormal rhythm, enlarged heart, and elevated blood pressure.
B A patient receiving adequate nutrition will have bright, shiny eyes with no sores and moist, pink membranes. Pale or red membranes, dryness, infection, dull ap-pearance of the cornea, or blue sclerae are all signs of poor nutrition.
C This patient is well nourished. Cachexia, listlessness, and tiring easily would be indications of poor nutritional status.
D The physiologic changes of pregnancy may complicate the interpretation of physical findings. Lower extremity edema often occurs when caloric and protein deficiencies are present; however, it may also be a common physical finding during the third trimester. It is essential that the nurse complete a thorough health history and physical assessment and request further laboratory testing if indicated.
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