Outline the characteristics of a scientific explanation.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer may vary
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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. "Vending machines operate according to a continuous reinforcement schedule. " 2. "Behaviour maintained under an intermittent schedule of reinforcement is more difficult to extinguish than is behaviour maintained under a continuous schedule of reinforcement. " 3. "Shaping through approximations is another term for trial-and-error learning. " 4. "Shaping through approximations involves providing reinforcers for behaviours that are closer and closer to the overall desired behaviour. " 5. "Shaping through approximations more quickly establishes a complex behaviour than does trial-and-error learning. "
Studies of the intergenerational transmission of parenting styles have found . . .
a. Children who were raised by inadequate parents do not typically become parents themselves b. Those children who eventually become parents tend to raise their own children the same way they were raised c. The extreme variability in parenting styles from one generation to the next prevents drawing any firm conclusions d. Strong cross-cultural differences in parenting styles
Which statement is most consistent with the beliefs of materialism?
a. Everything in the universe, including mental states, consists of matter. b. Possession of material objects is the primary goal of human life. c. Only by understanding matter can we understand philosophy. d. Gods are made of matter and the destruction of matter is a type of blasphemy.
According to the article Psychics and Scientists, in the second section of the study, the participants were
asked to identify true statements from a list of both true and untrue statements about a crime. What did the researchers find? (a) the psychics did much better than the non-psychics (b) both groups did about the same (c) neither group picked even one true statement (d) both groups were able to pick all of the correct items