In Tajfel's (1971) research on nominal groups, being labeled as "underestimators" and "overestimators" was enough to establish ___________
a. intragroup conflict
b. individualism
c. ingroup bias
d. plagiarism
c
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Jesse's cat has been conditioned that the electric can opener signals the arrival of food, and the cat will run to the kitchen every time it hears the can opener. But Jesse then participates in a project at school where he must open 50 cans of beans and cook them. By the time Jesse gets halfway through the cans, he notices that the cat has disappeared. In this case, the can opener is no longer associated with the presentation of food. __________ to the can opener has occurred.
A. Sensitization B. Habituation C. Extinction D. Spontaneous recovery
The primary effect of chunking is to
a. maximize the recency effect. b. increase memory for items by grouping them together based on sound. c. develop a visual code to supplement a phonological code for the information. d. increase the efficiency of short-term memory.
The "just say no" campaign teaches children how to ____
a. say no to drugs and alcohol b. say no to bullying by other kids in school c. say no to inappropriate sexual advances by adults d. say no to inappropriate sexual advances by peers
Which of the following is the best reason for why we have trouble remembering the license plate number of a car that we just passed ten minutes ago?
a. Working memory lasts only a minute or so. b. License plate numbers are too difficult to remember easily. c. We probably never encoded the number in the first place. d. The memory, though present, is too difficult to retrieve except under special circumstances, such as hypnosis or substantial amounts of stress.