Every year the common flu vaccine is designed to protect against three different strains of the influenza virus. How is your body able to raise antibodies against so many new forms of the flu virus?
A. Each B cell can make antibodies against all antigens.
B. The vaccine contains the antibodies against the strains of flu virus so your body does not need to make them.
C. Viruses are destroyed by the passive immune system.
D. Clonal deletion of B and T cells ends recognition of the virus.
E. Recombination of the gene used to make antibodies leads to variability.
E. Recombination of the gene used to make antibodies leads to variability.
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Special cells found in the gonads that give rise to gametes upon division are called
a. germ cells. b. somatic cells. c. stem cells. d. basal cells. e. egg cells.
Most members of the domain Archaea are
a. found in common environments. b. strictly aerobic. c. anaerobes. d. very similar to complex eukaryotic cells. e. many-celled organisms.
Thick, smooth muscle located at the junction of the bladder and urethra that aids in pushing stored urine into the urethra is called the ________
A) external urethral sphincter B) internal urethral sphincter C) urinary sphincter D) medial urethral sphincter
Please order the following choices to reflect the stages of the inflammatory response, from the first to the last.
> Neutrophils clean up the area by phagocytosis of microbes and dead cells; accumulation can contribute to pus. > Chemical mediators are released by tissue cells in response to injury or infection. > Vasodilation of the blood vessels to increase blood flow > Permeability of the capillaries increases, allowing plasma and WBCs to exit the blood vessels into the inflamed tissue. > Regeneration of the tissue or formation of scar tissue completes the repair process. > WBCs migrate through the tissue spaces toward the actual site of injury or infection.