Which hormones are of particular interest to research psychologists and neuroscientists? What makes them important?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points:
• Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland deep within the brain; it helps to regulate daily biological rhythms and promotes sleep.
• Oxytocin is secreted by the pituitary gland; it enhances uterine contractions during childbirth and facilitates the ejection of milk during nursing. Oxytocin also contributes to relationships in both sexes by promoting attachment and trust.
• Adrenal hormones are produced by the adrenal glands. They are involved in emotion and stress. Cortisol increases blood sugar levels and boosts energy. Epinephrine (commonly known as adrenaline) and norepinephrine. Adrenal hormones increase arousal level, prepare for action, and enhance memory.
• Sex hormones are secreted by tissue in the gonads (testes in men, ovaries in women) and also by the adrenal glands. The three main types (androgens, estrogens, progesterone) all occur in both sexes but in differing amounts and proportions in males and females after puberty.
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The average number of "bits" of information that short-term memory can usually handle is what Psychologist George Miller called the "magic" __________ (plus or minus two)
a. three b. six c. seven d. nine
The term _______ memory refers to learned behavior that can be expressed, usually in words
a. declarative b. verbal c. implicit d. linguistic
Why do young children appear to acquire language more easily than adults?
A) There is a sensitive period during childhood during which children's brains are primed to develop language. B) Adults are more distracted than children, who can devote more cognitive processing to learning a new language. C) Children are exposed to a greater variety of vocabulary words than adults typically are. D) This is a common myth; children do not have an easier time learning language than adults do.
Subconscious motivations are those motivations that operate outside of a person's awareness
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.