Why do we sleep? What role does sleep play in influencing our psychological and physical health?
What will be an ideal response?
Sleep is essential for physical and psychological well-being. Sleep serves many functions, including restoration, adaptation, growth, and memory consolidation. All animals require sleep. Thus, sleep seems absolutely fundamental for survival. Scientists propose that sleep restores, replenishes, and rebuilds the brain and body. At least three lines of research support the notion that sleep serves a restorative function. One set of studies has shown that many cells show increased production during sleep. Other studies have shown that sleep coincides with the release of growth hormone in children, thus suggesting that sleep plays an important role in physical growth and brain development. Another set of studies has shown that sleep plays an important role in the consolidation, storage, and maintenance of memories. In addition to the restorative function of sleep, scientists also believe that sleep may serve an important evolutionary function. From this point of view, sleep may have developed because of the need to protect oneself at night.
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Ali's memory of her high school graduation is stored in her _____; her memory for what year Michigan became a state is located in her _____
a) semantic memory; episodic memory. b) implicit memory; explicit memory. c) episodic memory; semantic memory. d) eidetic memory; working memory.
According to Ginzberg, the period when career choices are made and discarded without regard to skills, abilities, or available job opportunities is called the
a. fantasy period. c. realistic period. b. tentative period. d. adolescence.
You read a study claiming that exposure to a certain chemical increases the risk of cancer. Based on what you know about epigenetics, how might you counteract this effect?
A. Use DNA methylation to reduce the effect of the toxin. B. Reduce stress to adjust hormone levels to counteract the effect of the toxin. C. Study candidate genes for the specific type of cancer to identify treatments. D. Eat foods that are known to "turn on" anticancer cells.
In order to improve informal observation methods, clinicians should
a. lengthen the first interview session to facilitate the sharing of anecdotal information. b. consult with other clinicians about information obtained during early interviews. c. observe overt behaviors and place greater emphasis on them during the interview. d. focus on establishing a diagnosis as quickly as possible.