Otto Loewi conducted an experiment in which he answered a key question about the nature of signaling across the synapse. Briefly describe the hypothesis, method, results, and interpretation of Loewi's study
What will be an ideal response?
The hypothesis is that if a neuron releases chemicals, an investigator should be able to collect some of those chemicals, transfer them to another animal, and get that animal to do what the first animal had been doing.
The method Loewi used was electrically stimulating certain axons that slowed a frog's heart. As he continued the stimulation, he collected fluid around that heart and transferred it to the heart of a second frog.
The result was that when Loewi transferred the fluid from the first frog's heart, the second frog's heart rate also slowed.
The interpretation of these results was that the stimulated axons had released a chemical that slows heart rate. Neurons send messages by releasing chemicals.
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Synaptogenesis refers to an increase in the:
number of neurons in the brain. length of axons in the brain. number of brain cells. number of connections between neurons in the brain.
The analysis of evoked potentials is based on a. computerized tomography (CT)
b. positron emission tomography (PET). c. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). d. electroencephalography (EEG).
According to Ekman, _____ are learned early in life and determine which emotional expressions are appropriate in particular situations
a. core emotions b. basic emotions c. custom emotions d. display rules
When does drug tolerance occur?
a. When an individual needs increasingly larger amounts of a drug to achieve the same desired effect b. When individuals do not pass judgment on drug abusers c. When an individual experiences withdrawal symptoms d. When an individual starts taking a new drug for recreational purposes