Which of the following statements about vesicular membrane fusion is false?
(a) Membrane fusion does not always immediately follow vesicle docking.
(b) The hydrophilic surfaces of membranes have water molecules associated with them that must be displaced before vesicle fusion can occur.
(c) The GTPhydrolysis of the Rab proteins provides the energy for membrane fusion.
(d) The interactions of the v-SNAREs and the t-SNAREs pull the vesicle membrane and the target organelle membrane together so that their lipids can intermix.
(c) Rab proteins are important for docking, but are not involved in the catalysis of membrane fusion.
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Kohler and Lipton first discovered a growth factor (PDGF) by:
A. observing that fibroblasts could not grow in cell culture without adding PDGF to the growth medium. B. observing that fibroblasts could not grow in cell culture without adding bovine blood serum to the growth medium. C. observing that fibroblasts grew better in cell culture when blood serum was added to the growth medium instead of blood plasma. D. observing that fibroblasts could not grow and repair wounding without the action of platelets. E. observing that fibroblasts could not grow in cell culture without the addition of purified red blood cells.
Which of the following would most likely
contain blood that needs to be cleansed?
a. the renal vein b. the renal artery c. the nephron d. all of these e. none of these
If a human who is a tongue roller (T) and has unattached ear lobes (E) marries a person who cannot roll their tongue and has attached earlobes, could they produce an offspring that was also a non-tongue-roller with attached earlobes? What would be the genotype of the first parent? The second parent?
A. no; TTEE; ttee B. yes; TtEe; ttee C. yes; TtEE; ttEe D. unable to determine from the information given
Eosinophils are especially important in defending the human body from infection by
A) bacteria. B) viruses. C) molds. D) large parasites. E) any type of microorganism.