What is the approximate mass of a 1-cm2 column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere?
A) 1 g
B) 1 kg
C) 10 kg
D) 100 kg
Answer: B
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A common way a robotic spacecraft can be accelerated and have its trajectory changed without the use of any fuel is via
A) a gravitational slingshot from another spacecraft B) radiation pressure from the Sun C) the ejection of mass from the probe D) a gravitational slingshot from another planet
A sonic boom occurs only as an airplane just reaches the speed of sound in air, but not after it increases its speed further
A) True B) False
The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N. Assume the pistons each have negligible mass
(a) Determine the force that must be exerted by the fluid in the lift on the small piston. (b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift.
Which of the following is the best answer to the question, "Why does the Sun shine?"
A) As the Sun was forming, gravitational contraction increased the Sun's temperature until the core become hot enough for nuclear fusion, which ever since has generated the heat that makes the Sun shine. B) As the Sun was forming, nuclear fusion reactions in the shrinking clouds of gas slowly became stronger and stronger, until the Sun reached its current luminosity. C) The Sun initially began making energy through chemical reactions. These heated the interior enough to allow gravitational contraction and nuclear fusion to occur. D) The Sun initially began generating energy through nuclear fusion as it formed, but today it generates energy primarily through the sunspot cycle.