A nursing instructor is discussing ways that the respiratory tract protects itself from bacteria and shares with the students that it is done in which ways? (Select all that apply.)
A) Cough and sneeze reflex
B) Surfactant in the alveoli
C) Goblet cells
D) Gas exchange in the alveoli
E) Nasal cilia
A, C, E
Feedback:
Nasal hairs, mucus-producing goblet cells, cilia, the superficial blood supply of the upper respiratory tract, and the cough and sneeze reflexes all work to keep foreign substances from entering the lower respiratory tract. Surfactant and gas exchange in the alveoli are involved in the oxygenation process but are not involved in protecting the respiratory tract.
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