Each node on a cladogram represents...
a) the most recent point at which a trait was lost in a certain clade
b) the point at which two clades joined and became monophyletic
c) the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor
d) the point at which one or more species became extinct
Ans: c) the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor
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Unicellular and simple multicellular organisms isolate and eliminate waste materials by:
A. moving the wastes into a contractile vacuole and eliminating them through exocytosis. B. filtering the wastes through specialized filters in the plasma membrane and into the extracellular space. C. secreting wastes into excretory tubules that connect to the outside of the cell. D. filtering the wastes into a collecting tubule and then selectively reabsorbing key solutes prior to excretion. E. All of the answer options are correct.
According to kin selection, a man should die to save the life of
A. one full brother. B. two half brothers. C. four grandparents. D. one parent. E. nine cousins.
Many male birds learn the full species song
a. 10 to 50 days after hatching. b. by listening to other birds sing. c. while in a flock of juveniles being tutored by older males. d. within 50 days after hatching and by listening to other birds sing. e. 10 to 50 days after hatching and while in a flock of juveniles being tutored by older males.
Antiphagocytic factors produced by microorganisms include all of the following EXCEPT
A) leukocidins. B) capsules. C) erythrocytes. D) resistance to digestion by white blood cells.