The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with a form of tuberculosis that is resistant to isoniazid therapy. What drug does the nurse anticipate the client will be prescribed for first-line therapy?
1. Ethambutol (Myambutol)
2. Pyrazinamide (PZA)
3. Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
4. Pyridoxine
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Ethambutol is the agent of choice.
Rationale 2: Pyrazinamide is not the agent of choice.
Rationale 3: Rifampin is not the agent of choice.
Rationale 4: Pyridoxine is not the agent of choice.
Global Rationale: In regions where the incidence of isoniazid resistance is 4% or higher, ethambutol (Myambutol) or streptomycin is included as part of the initial therapeutic regimen. Three months of additional therapy may be indicated, depending on whether the sputum cultures have turned negative during therapy. The remaining medications do not have this indication.
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