A 65-year-old patient remarks that she just cannot believe that her breasts "sag so much." She states it must be from a lack of exercise. What explanation should the nurse offer her? After menopause:
a. Only women with large breasts experience sagging.
b. Sagging is usually due to decreased muscle mass within the breast.
c. A diet that is high in protein will help maintain muscle mass, which keeps the breasts from sagging.
d. The glandular and fat tissue atrophies, causing breast size and elasticity to diminish, resulting in breasts that sag.
ANS: D
After menopause, the glandular tissue atrophies and is replaced with connective tissue. The fat envelope also atrophies, beginning in the middle years and becoming significant in the eighth and ninth decades of life. These changes decrease breast size and elasticity; consequently, the breasts droop and sag, looking flattened and flabby.
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