Describe 3 of the 10 processes of change.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

- Consciousness raising (awareness of a health or behavior issue). It involves a person’s increased awareness about the causes, consequences and remedies for a target behavior.
- Dramatic relief (emotional arousal—taking action to decrease anxiety and other negative emotions). Experiences such as role playing, personal testimonies, and advertisements are examples of techniques that can have an emotional impact on people. “I respond emotionally to warnings about smoking cigarettes.”
- Environmental reevaluation (social reappraisal—learning how one’s actions affect one’s self and others). This change process involves one’s awareness that one can serve as a negative or positive role model for others. Family interventions can produce reassessments of the target behavior. “I take into account that smoking can become harmful to my children, and they have asked me to stop smoking.”
- Self-re-evaluation (self-evaluation). This change process involves both cognitive and affective assessments of a person’s self-image with and without a specific target behavior. “My dependency on cigarettes makes me think less of myself.”
- Social liberation (environmental opportunities). Examples of this change process entail smoke-free zones, salad bars in school lunches, and access to contraceptives.
- Counterconditioning (substituting—learning to substitute healthy behaviors for problem behaviors). An individual learns different or healthier behaviors that can be substituted for problem behaviors. For instance, nicotine replacement can substitute for cigarettes.
- Stimulus control (re-engineering—removing triggers for unhealthy behaviors). “I remove items from my home that remind me of smoking.”
- Helping relationship (therapy, supporting relationship—finding people who are supportive of change)—including a therapeutic alliance and buddy systems.
- Reinforcement management (rewarding). Positive self-statements and contingency contracts e. g., “I reward myself when I don’t drink.”
- Self-liberation (believing in one’s ability to change and making commitments to act on that belief). “I have made commitments to my children not to smoke.”