Who is most likely to obtain the top score on his or her vocabulary test?
A) James, who made flash cards of all his words and is going over and over them.
B) Cynthia, who has written down each word and definition five times in her notebook.
C) Ryan, who has drawn a picture to illustrate each word.
D) Harriet, who says the words and definitions over and over to herself all day long.
Answer: C
Rationale: Elaborative rehearsal involves prolonged exposure to information by thinking about its meaning. Research indicates that elaborative rehearsal is much more effective than simply repeating information for learning. In this example, Ryan is the only student using elaborative rehearsal.
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Why is it important for a newborn baby's reflexes to be assessed both at birth and at regular intervals as they age?
a. Because research has shown that adequate reflexive activity at birth and through the first six months of life predict higher intelligence and greater academic success during adolescence. b. Because an infant's reflexive activity serves as a means to help facilitate bonding with his or her parents, particularly if the mother is nursing. c. Because the presence (and absence) of specific reflexes indicate that the nervous system is working properly and is developing without problems. d. Because different cultures define a "healthy baby" differently based on the presence or absence of specific reflexes through the first year of life.
Cutting sensory nerves from the stomach, or removing it entirely, causes
a. a total loss of appetite. b. eating based on a recognized need, not internal feelings of hunger. c. little change with the person experiencing the feeling of hunger and eating regularly. d. the need for patients to be "trained" to eat; otherwise, they would inadvertently starve to death.
Which of the following theories compares human thinking processes to the processes of a computer?
behavioral theory information-processing theory adaptive theory Piaget's theory of cognitive development
John is shown a group of objects. The objects are then covered, and he is asked to list all that he remembers. This is a test of
A. recall. B. symbolic function. C. mastery motivation. D. recognition.