When there is ambiguity in the law and policy, ______ may offer officers guidance when making difficult decisions under circumstances of uncertainty.

A. ethical standards of conduct
B. individual codes of morality
C. religious texts
D. peer counseling


A. ethical standards of conduct

Criminal Justice

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What is the purpose of the right to remain silent?

a. to protect individuals against forced confessions obtained under undue pressures b. to require the state to prove an individual is guilty without requiring the help of the individual c. both a and b d. neither a nor b

Criminal Justice

As a result of the Kansas City experiment, law enforcement agencies are increasingly using ________ patrol.

A. proactive B. reactive C. directed D. normal

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is an affirmative defense?

a. Intoxication b. Duress c. Mistake of fact d. Entrapment e. None of the above

Criminal Justice

What term best describes "the development and application of sanitary measures for public health"?

A. sanitation B. critical control point C. cross-contamination D. Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

Criminal Justice