Describe the process of transcription in prokaryotes
What will be an ideal response?
First, RNA polymerase binds to the promoter immediately upstream of where production of the
mRNA will begin. RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA and starts synthesis of a new RNA molecule
just past the promoter region. Only one of the DNA strands is used as a template, and the RNA strand
is synthesized in the 5'?3' direction antiparallel to the template DNA strand. RNA polymerase
progresses away from the promoter, growing the RNA strand. As the RNA strand elongates, it is
displaced from the DNA immediately behind the RNA polymerase as the DNA strands reform the
DNA double helix. Eventually the RNA polymerase reaches a region of specific DNA terminator
sequence. A protein binds to the terminator, triggering the complete release of RNA polymerase and
RNA from the DNA and each other. This ends transcription in prokaryotes.
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An -OH group is a(n) ____ group
a. carboxyl b. hydroxyl c. amino d. methyl e. carbonyl
What is NOT a viable explanation for mass extinction?
a. collisions between Earth and other bodies in the solar system b. continental movements c. adaptive radiation of new predator species in many lineages d. alterations in sea level e. habitat destruction
What process or enzyme was used for Step 1 in Figure 15-1?
a. PCR
b. a bacteriophage
c. a reverse transcriptase
d. a DNA ligase
e. a restriction enzyme
What are the sensory structures that enable invertebrates to determine the orientation of the body with respect to gravity called?
A. Carotid bodies B. Statocysts C. Ruffini endings D. Interoceptors E. Baroreceptors