Punishment is rarely used as the sole type of behavioral intervention because the use of punishment:
a. actually causes the undesirable behavior to increase
b. only teaches someone what not to do, it does not teach someone the appropriate way to act
c. usually suppresses adaptive behaviors as well as maladaptive behaviors
d. can cause the client to become overly dependent on the therapist
B
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In Exercise 13 (higher-order conditioning), there was a tendency for the CS response strength curves representing CS1 and CS2 to curve downward once they reached their peaks. This tendency was the result of
a. overshadowing. b. habituation. c. sensory preconditioning. d. extinction.
Why has our contemporary lifestyle, with many people spending hours sitting sedentary in front of televisions or computers, contributed to a significant rise in obesity??
a. ?because low muscle tone promotes insulin insensitivity b. ?because blood glucose levels remain stagnant during inactivity c. ?because leptin is most effective when people are active d. ?because humans use energy very efficiently, and less activity causes us to use less energy
Identify a true statement about social-cognitive theorists
A) They believe that people are typically good and are predisposed to exhibit ethical conduct. B) They note that people engage in intentional learning by observing others. C) They define psychology as the scientific study of behavior, not of behavior and mental processes. D) They believe that human social behavior is solely based on hereditary principles.
Infants who are creepers improve their ability to
a. notice and use spatial landmarks to tell where they are. b. improve their "mental toughness" after repeated falls. c. avoid responding to the "optical flow.". d. remain safely out of danger.