What is the name of the tubules that make up the relatively simple excretory system used by flatworms?
a. Malpighian tubules
b. nephrons
c. metanephridia
d. protonephridia
Answer: d. protonephridia
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Culture-independent approaches avoid issues associated with
A) detecting very rare phylotypes. B) conflating phylogenetic and functional diversity. C) growing organisms in the lab. D) next generation sequencing.
Which one of the following types of fatty acids would be likely to have the lowest melting temperature?
A. long tails and low saturation B. long tails and high saturation C. short tails and low saturation D. short tails and high saturation E. All fatty acids have the same melting temperature regardless of tail length or level of saturation.
Genes organized into an operon are beneficial to certain bacteria because the operon allows for
A. differential regulation of individual genes that encode proteins with a common function. B. coordinated regulation of a group of genes that encode proteins with a common function. C. separate regulation of individual genes that encode proteins with different functions. D. coordinated regulation of a group of genes that encode proteins with different functions. E. coordinated regulation of a group of proteins involved in numerous cellular activities.
In which type of bacteria is the outermost layer of the cell a thick wall of peptidoglycan?
A. Proteobacteria B. Cyanobacteria C. Gram-positive bacteria D. Gram-negative bacteria E. Chlamydias