Why do independent executive agencies operate outside a cabinet department and report directly to the president?
a. The agency head needs to preserve some independence from hostile departments and feel free from politicization.
b. The agency and the department may agree on policies and the president needs to be advised from different perspectives.
c. Cabinet departments must always feel unrestricted in overriding agencies.
d. The agency head must generate discord in order to do his or her job appropriately.
a
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Type I error occurs when a researcher
A) Rejects the null hypothesis when it should be retained. B) Does not reject the null hypothesis when it should be retained. C) Makes a large mistake in data collection. D) Is confronted with random error in the form of participant characteristics.
The League of Nations never became an effective collective security organization largely because the United States refused to join
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
At least until World War II, three of the following factors played extremely important roles in influencing the United States' self-image. Which one did not play an important role?
a. isolationism b. interventionism c. morality d. pragmatism
Proportional representation means that __________
a. the candidate who gets the most votes in an election wins b. the party that gets 51 percent takes all of the available seats c. each party receives the number of seats in the district equal to its percentage of votes in the district d. the candidate with the most votes gets to determine the remaining seats