The nurse reviews a published analytical research study that compares one group of clients who developed diabetes mellitus before the start of the study with a group of clients without diabetes mellitus. Which type of study design was used in this study?
A) Case control
B) Case
C) Clinical trial
D) Cohort
Ans: A
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A case-control study is an observational analytic study that enrolls one group of persons with a certain health problem (case-clients) and a group of persons without the health problem (control subjects). It compares differences in exposures, behaviors, and other characteristics to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. A case study is a research method that involves an in-depth analysis of an individual, group, or institution. A clinical trial is an experimental study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each study participant and then follows each person's health status to determine the effects of the exposure. A cohort study is an observational analytic study in which enrollment is based on the status of exposure to a certain factor or membership in a certain group.
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What will be an ideal response?