What are some findings supporting the plasticity of gender?
What will be an ideal response?
It is evident that gender identity and sexuality vary tremendously in people who have “normal” XX and XY sex chromosomes. Therefore, genes themselves cannot be the only point of gender development. Findings from the research of Nugent and associates suggest that epigenetics (altering of gene expression) plays a major role because it proved that modification of the enzyme DNA methyltransferase can affect gene expression. Other studies report that protein related to language acquisition affects sexual differentiation and that microglia affect masculinization of the brain.
Therefore, genes don’t affect gender development themselves; it is also affected by neurological development, hormones, immune modulators, and other complex factors. Another research study, that of Kranz and associates, reports differences in the white matter of the brain between male, female, and transgender subjects, and these differences are correlated with the levels of blood testosterone.
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Each of the four functions that leaders serve in groups are carried out by the group leader through the use of _______—that is, leader behaviors, strategies, and interventions.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
An example of a passion division is the
a. Association for Multicultural Counseling and Development (AMCD). b. Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education (AACE). c. Association for Creativity in Counseling (ACC). d. All of the above.
The federal government rule called the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is concerned primarily with which aspect of helping?
a. helper supervision b. confidentiality and privacy c. advertising of helping services d. research in the helping professions
Which of the following is NOT a cause of children’s sensory food aversion?
a. hypersensitivity to texture b. hypersensitivity to certain tastes c. classical conditioning that provokes a fear or disgust reaction in the presence of certain foods d. positive reinforcement for tantrumming by withdrawing the food