Why is a formal problem-solving agenda beneficial to small groups and what are the necessary steps a group must take in this process?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

One danger that small groups face is that they might jump to a solution without carefully considering all the options available to them. Small groups that use a formal problem-solving agenda are less likely to prematurely select conclusions and also experience less conflict in the decision-making process. Although groups might move back and forth between the steps, the steps offer guidelines for clear actions to identify and solve the problem.

There are five steps in the formal problem-solving agenda suggested by the book. The first step is for the group to define and delineate the problem. At this point the group needs to consider all the aspects of the problem and make sure that all the group members understand the problem in the same way.

The second step is to analyze the problem carefully. This is crucial because the analysis phase shapes the direction of possible solutions. One danger in this stage is analysis paralysis, when members become so focused on all the intricacies of the problem that they do not move forward to the other steps of problem-solving process.

Once the problem is defined and analyzed, the small group should identify alternative solutions. It is important at this stage to consider many possible solutions so that the best solution can be selected in future stages. Small groups might choose to use brainstorming, which is when members share as many possible solutions (even crazy ideas) without critique to get the thought process moving.

The fourth step is to evaluate the proposed solutions. Although some solutions might be easily dismissed, others need careful scrutiny to determine which is the best solution. At this point, members sometimes become tired and might be tempted to rush through this stage; however, careful and critical analysis of the solutions is needed.

The final step is to choose the best solution. Given the problem and options available, after critical analysis a decision should be made. It is particularly important that all members participate in this stage and voice their opinions and concerns so that the interest of the group members are considered and represented in the solution.