When DNA is transferred into a prokaryotic cell it may
A) be degraded by enzymes.
B) replicate independent of the host chromosome.
C) recombine with the host chromosome.
D) be degraded by enzymes, replicate independent of the host chromosome, or recombine with the host chromosome.
Answer: D
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Which of the following represents a long-distance signaling mechanism?
A. contact-to-contact signaling B. intercellular signaling C. autocrine signaling D. paracrine signaling E. endocrine signaling
How does the antiparallel polarity of DNA strands contribute most to the integrity of genetic information?
A) A DNA double helix cannot be broken or degraded. B) The antiparallel polarity of the strands means that replication occurs more quickly, decreasing the likelihood of DNA damage. C) Hydrogen bonding between strands is very stable, so DNA bases cannot be not damaged by environmental agents. D) Both antiparallel strands can be replicated continuously, which is more accurate than discontinuous replication. E) Each antiparallel strand can serve as a template to produce the other strand in the event of DNA damage.
The main difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph is
A) how they respond to stimuli. B) their ability to move. C) how they obtain energy. D) how they reproduce.
Cells that help initiate the adaptive immune response by placing microbial antigens on their surfaces are generally referred to as:
A) regulatory T cells. B) B cells. C) antigen-presenting cells. D) helper T cells. E) mast cells.