Frank breaks the law and is sent to prison as a punishment; his punishment is supposed to discourage others from doing the same thing. This refers to which of the following punishment goals?
A. general deterrence
B. individual deterrence
C. retribution
D. incapacitation
A
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Researchers who were studying plant growth raised plants in two separate rooms. One room had taped conversations playing 24 hours a day; the other room was silent. The researchers found that the plants grew better in the room that had the conversations playing. In this study, the type of room (conversation or silence) would be
a. the dependent variable. b. an extraneous variable. c. a placebo. d. the independent variable.
What hypothesis did Milgram's obedience study test?
a. People in a position of authority will seek opportunities to abuse that power. b. Normal people will follow orders to hurt someone else. c. Threats of punishment increase people's willingness to obey an authority figure. d. People with low self-esteem will obey orders more than other people will.
Suppose that Paul and Oscar are buying frozen yogurt. Both of them are inclined to order the same flavor—pistachio—but they feel unadventurous about ordering the same flavor. If Oscar goes ahead and orders the pistachio for himself, then it is likely that Paul will ____
a. order the pistachio as well, and be happier with the pistachio than he would have been with the vanilla b. order the pistachio as well, but be less happy with the pistachio than he would have been with the vanilla c. order the vanilla instead, and be happier with the vanilla than he would have been with the pistachio d. order the vanilla instead, but be less happy with the vanilla than he would have been with the pistachio
__________ refer to bodily structures that change dramatically with sexual maturity but are not directly involved in reproduction.
A. Primary sex characteristics B. Secondary sex characteristics C. Tertiary sex characteristics D. Puberty E. Maturation