A nurse is involved in primary prevention activities related to the promotion of respiratory health. The nurse is involved in which of the following activities? (Select all that apply.)
a. Organizing an influenza vaccination clinic
b. Promoting a smoking cessation program in the community
c. Referring individuals with respiratory disease to the pulmonology clinic at the hospital
d. Visiting a congressman representative to advocate for legislation on clean air
e. Teaching individuals with COPD measures to maximize lung function
ANS: A, B, D
Primary prevention includes activities such as promoting or conducting smoking cessation pro-grams and community intervention, including organizational efforts to promote and administer preventive vaccinations such as that for influenza and pneumonia. Primary prevention includes political activism with industry leaders and environmental agencies to push for clean air and wa-ter. Referrals to specialists or teaching individuals who already have respiratory illness are not part of primary prevention.
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