A client presents at the ER with dyspnea, dizziness, and angina. An ECG shows dysrhythmias are present and a murmur can be heard upon auscultation. These are classic symptoms of which of the following disorders?
A) Hypertropic cardiomyopathy
B) Chronic rheumatic heart disease
C) Bacterial endocarditis
D) Angina pectoris
A
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With hypertropic cardiomyopathy, the left ventricle hypertrophies, which may decrease the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. It may also cause mitral valve leakage. Symptoms include dyspnea, dizziness, and angina. Some people have dysrhythmias and, often, a heart murmur can be heard. The first signs of chronic rheumatic heart disease include difficulty breathing, a cough, and sometimes cyanosis and expectoration (spitting) of blood. One of the first signs of bacterial endocarditis is a low-grade fever that gradually increases. The person has chills, perspires, loses his or her appetite, and loses weight. The major sign of angina pectoris is pain that is most severe over the chest.
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