A(n) ______ typically results in pain or discomfort and may produce escape or avoidance behavior.
a. negative reinforcement
b. punishment
c. aversive stimulus
d. consequences
Ans: C
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Because of outbreaks of the disease _______________, there is now a requirement for a booster shot in adults, so teachers should make sure they have this vaccination to protect the children in the environment
a. measles b. mumps c. pertussis d. rubella
Of the following, which is the most important characteristic of effective feedback?
a. It provides information that improves learning. b. It provides information intended to increase self-esteem. c. It provides positive reinforcement for students' efforts. d. It provides clear explanations of the topics students are studying.
Which is true about Vygotsky's notion of private speech?
a. Private speech can result from an internalization of social dialog. b. Private speech follows a covert-to-overt developmental cycle. c. Private speech is associated with children and adolescents, but not adults. d. Private speech decreases when the difficulty of a task increases.
___________ means having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that is due to chronic or acute health problems and adversely affects a child's educational performance
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word