Explain the proper bevel to prepare pipes for welding.
What will be an ideal response?
The ends of pipe must be beveled for maximum penetration and high joint strength. The end can be beveled by flame cutting, machining, grinding, or a combination process. It is important that the bevel be at the correct angle, about 37 1/2° depending on specifications, and that the end meet squarely with the mating pipe. The sharp or feathered inner edge of the bevel should be ground flat, forming a chamfer. This area is called a root face or land. Final shaping should be done with a grinder so that the root gap will be uniform.
The bevel on the end of the pipe can be machine cut using a portable pipe beveling machine, or a hand-held torch. A turntable can be made in the school shop and used for beveling short pieces of pipe. The turntable can be used vertically or horizontally. By turning the table slowly with pipe held between the clamps, a hand torch can be used to produce smooth pipe bevels. Large-production welding shops may also use machines designed specifically for beveling pipe. These machines will accurately cut a 37 1/2° angle on the pipe.
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