Why have gene families evolved? Choose the most accurate answer for gene families in general
A) Although in some cases researchers have inferred that gene families are adaptive, gene families may also evolve due to genetic drift.
B) Having multiple copies of a gene can increase transcription and translation of the gene, so when increased transcription is adaptive, then natural selection favors genes duplicating into gene families.
C) Gene families are adaptive because each gene can produce a slightly different protein, which allows for diverse functions that are favored by natural selection.
D) Gene families evolve because of the activity of mobile genetic elements, which cause repeated gene duplication events.
A
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Modern humans evolved about
(a) 200,000 years ago. (b) 2,000,000 years ago. (c) 2,000,000,000 years ago. (d) 4,600,000,000 years ago.
The major way that meiosis II differs from mitosis is that
A. in meiosis II, the homologous sister chromatids align at the metaphase plate as a tetrad. B. in meiosis II, a pair of sister chromatids move to the pole. C. in meiosis II, the daughter cells are haploid. D. in meiosis II, a synaptonemal complex is formed. E. in meiosis II, the homologues separate.
An objective function is best described as:
A. a function ultimately wished to be maximized or minimized. B. the function relating the degree of support for a sufficient statistic. C. the function that determines the degree of freedom. D. the line associating how treatment and outcome variables move together.
If you needed to differentiate between S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus, which of the following types of media should you use?
A) m-Staphylococcus Broth B) Blood Agar C) Mannitol Salt Agar