What causes a tsunami? Compare the losses due to the Indonesian (2004) and Japan (2011)
earthquakes. How could the loss of life and property have been minimized? What will be an ideal response?
ANS:Answer
should include:
? Tsunamis are caused by the displacement of ocean water. They can be triggered by
seismic activity, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and a variety of other events.
? These are shallow-water progressive waves that have long wavelengths. They are a fast
onrush of water to a shoreline despite their large wave height.
? Most of the damage from the tsunami in December of 2004 was done to Indonesia, but
it also affected India and Africa. There were over 250,000 people who died due to the
Indonesian tsunami. Most of the damage from the tsunami in March 2011 was in
northern Japan which was inundated by water and where more than 20,000 people died
or were declared missing. A nuclear power plant was seriously damaged along the coast
of Japan and the damages include impacts to air, lad, and the ocean (life).
? The loss of life and property damage could have been reduced if a tsunami warning
system was implemented in the region. These systems use a variety of technology to
monitor changes in the shape of the ocean's surface. The nuclear power plant may have
been better located away from this active fault system
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a. true b. false