What results when the surfactant in the lungs is affected by smoking?
A) increased respiratory surface area
B) decreased gas exchange in the alveoli
C) reduced ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen
D) increased concentrations of carbon monoxide
B
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The increase in blood flow to a site of infection acts to
A) bring more mast cells to the site of infection. B) facilitate the migration of the leukocytes into the interstitial space. C) recruit more leukocytes to the site of infection. D) wash the invading bacteria from the region of the infection. E) increase oxygen in the region to kill the invading bacteria.
The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is oxygen
____________________ Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
If the population age structure of a country resembles a pyramid, with the pre-reproductive age group the largest proportion of the population, and the post-reproductive age group the smallest, this country can most likely be classified as one of the
A) stable populations. B) least developed countries. C) most developed countries. D) steady-state populations. E) expanding populations.
The emergence of new infectious diseases is probably due to all of the following except
a. the need of bacteria to cause disease. b. the ability of humans to travel by air. c. changing environments (e.g., flood, drought, pollution). d. a pathogen crossing the species barrier. e. the increasing human population.