Adult children of alcoholics tend to need help breaking Black’s three universal roles. Which of the following is NOT a universal role as outlined by Black (1981)?

__________ is NOT one of the four main variables that may maintain or reinforce behavior?

a. Attention b. Tangible c. Interaction d. Sensory stimulation

. It is important to understand the child’s motives in order to create an effective reward/consequence system and help her feel that she can control herself.

a. true b. false

Which of the follow approaches is a counselor UNLIKELY to use in his or her clinical practice?

a) View mental concerns as illnesses. b) Consider mental concerns as developmental issues. c) Consider mental health as a normal part of development. d) Use a strength based approach. e) None of the above.

Which is the correct sequence of the 4-phase model for the development of infant-parent attachments?

A) ?Attachments, indiscriminate social responsiveness, goal corrected partnerships, discriminating sociability B) ?Indiscriminate social responsiveness, discriminating sociability, attachments, goal corrected partnerships C) ?Goal corrected partnerships, discriminating sociability, indiscriminate social responsiveness, attachments D) ?Discriminating sociability, attachments, goal corrected partnerships, indiscriminate sociability