Describe the resources that interest groups have. How do these resources influence the ability of interest groups to acquire what they want from the system? Respond to the argument that interest groups do a better job of achieving their goals than do political parties.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Money allows interest groups to hire staff and specialists and to make campaign contributions (or withhold contributions). Another key resource is leadership. Coordinating members and keeping the group focused typically mean that one interest group may outmaneuver other groups and keep a loyal membership. An interest group’s size and intensity are key. Large interest groups can have a nationwide presence and pressure politicians and educate the public at both the state and federal levels. The intensity of interest group members may mean that a group can be in the minority on an issue but that its passion and unity convince public officials to side with them rather than the majority. Finally, interest groups have information that elected officials, who contend with a broad set of issues daily, may need to make an informed decision. Interest groups use their technical expertise to educate the public and elected officials on key issues. These resources help interest groups to (1) overcome the free rider problem (by pouring resources into attracting and retaining members) and (2) sway Congress through direct lobbying and the public through indirect lobbying. Regarding their superiority in achieving goals when compared to political parties, most political commentators would agree with this statement. Interest groups are able to concentrate on one goal or a small number of goals, whereas political parties have to focus on all issues relative to the party’s agenda. Interest groups do not have to worry about the majority of the public agreeing with them or winning elections. They have to concern themselves only with convincing the government to change policy in accordance with their agenda. Since their goals are much narrower, one could reasonably argue that interest groups achieve their goals more readily than political parties.