A client reports that he has been passing black stools for the last few days. Which findings from the client's health history does the nurse consider as possible causes? (Select all that apply.)
a. Cirrhosis
b. Cholecystitis
c. Hemorrhoids
d. Diverticulitis
e. Long-term use of NSAIDs
f. Use of iron supplements
A, E, F
Cirrhosis may cause black stools when bleeding occurs from esophageal varices. Long-term NSAID use may lead to gastric ulcer development and bleeding. Iron supplements may turn the color of the stool black. Hemorrhoids or diverticulitis would result in stools that are streaked with red. Cholecystitis may result in pale-colored stools if bile flow is obstructed.
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The nurse is caring for a child who has sickle-cell anemia and is in a painful crisis. The most effective nursing intervention for this child would be:
1. Giving comfort measures, such as back rubs. 2. Suggesting diversional activities, such as coloring. 3. Administering pain medication. 4. Preparing the child for painful procedures.
Case management and disease management are similar because both are interventions designed to coordinate care for better outcomes and lowered costs. Which statements are true regarding the differences between the two terms (select all that apply)?
a. Disease management is client focused. b. Case management involves an intense fo-cus on coordinating care of an individual. c. Disease management is more popula-tion-based than client-centered. d. Disease management is more episodic in its approach. e. Case management is more popula-tion-focused.
What is true about genetics and nursing practice?
a. In the future, all drugs will be genetically based. b. Nurses will need competence in genetics. c. Genetic diseases will become more prevalent. d. All genetic conditions can be identified prenatally.
What structure in the male lies posterior to the urinary bladder?
a. Seminal vesicles b. Prostate glands c. Cowper glands d. Parabladder glands