A preschool-age child is being seen for a rash that occurred after the mother applied a sunscreen prior to permitting the child to swim at the beach. For which type of allergic reaction should the nurse prepare teaching materials for the mother?
A) Autoimmunity
B) Atopic dermatitis
C) Contact dermatitis
D) Delayed hypersensitivity
C
Feedback:
Contact dermatitis is an example of a delayed or type IV hypersensitivity response. It is a reaction to skin contact with an allergen. The allergen causing the irritation is often suggested by the part of the child's body that is affected. The sunscreen caused the contact dermatitis in the patient. Autoimmunity is the result of the immune system to distinguish self from nonself, causing the immune system to carry out immune responses against normal cells and tissue rather than invading antigens. Individuals with atopic dermatitis are prone to all types of allergic responses. Three disorders occur most frequently: hay fever, eczema, and asthma. Delayed hypersensitivity occurs without an accompanying humoral response. This response causes transplant rejection.
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