______ deterrence refers to the preventive effect of the threat of punishment on the population; it is aimed at potential offenders.

a. general
b. specific
c. primary
d. secondary


a. general

Criminal Justice

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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Supreme Court's findings when it revisited the obscenity issue in 1973?

a. The Court recognized jurisdictional variability in standards of morality b. The Court held that minors and adults must be treated differently. c.The Court endorsed the notion of universal decency. d. The Court ruled that the state has a compelling interest in protecting the welfare of children.

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Some specialized domestic violence ____________________ assign judicial officers to hear a special domestic violence calendar, regardless of whether they hear those cases exclusively

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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Which of the following statements about the U.S. prison population is FALSE?

A. Most federal inmates are men. B. Federal inmates are disproportionately black. C. Most federal inmates have not completed high school. D. The prison population has decreased in the twenty-first century.

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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Nonfatal domestic violence rates have been shown to increase with high female unemployment. 2. Asian American women report far higher rates of IPV than woman of any other racial background. 3. Domestic violence is disproportionately concentrated in poor areas. 4. Degradation is a form of surveillance used in coercive control.

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