Describe the general personality and social psychological model of criminal behavior.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The general personality and social psychological model purports that the likelihood that a person will engage in criminal behavior is increased by the presence of risk factors in his or her life. Andrews and Bonta (2016) outline eight categories of risk factors, some personal and some environmental:
1. An early age of onset for antisocial behavior
2. Temperamental and personal characteristics that are conducive to criminal activity (e.g., impulsivity, aggressive energy, weak problemsolving abilities)
3. Antisocial attitudes, values, and beliefs
4. Association with pro-criminal peers and isolation from noncriminal associates
5. Negative parenting and family experiences (e.g., harsh and abusive discipline, poor parental monitoring and supervision, and low family cohesion)
6. Low levels of school or vocational achievement
7. Poor use of leisure time and low levels of involvement in prosocial leisure pursuits and recreational activities
8. Abuse of drugs and/or alcohol
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